Many of Canada’s domestic environmental objectives need to be advanced through a multitude of international organizations and agreements that address cross-cutting issues, as well as with a variety of partners on a bilateral, regional or multilateral basis.
The Compendium of Canada’s Engagement in International Environmental Agreements and Instruments is a compilation of summaries of international environmental agreements and commitments. It is part of Environment and Climate Change Canada’s sustained effort to monitor its international commitments, take stock of progress, and measure and report results. While not intended to be exhaustive, the Compendium provides a comprehensive picture of the scope of Canada’s international environmental activities, particularly those led by Environment and Climate Change Canada.
This tenth edition of the Compendium, updated in Summer 2022, summarizes Canada’s current engagement in 123 international environmental agreements and instruments, including 29 cooperative bilateral and regional agreements, 22 Canada-US agreements, 57 multilateral agreements, and 15 significant multilateral voluntary instruments and international organizations. The information is presented in individual agreement "fact sheets" in .html and .pdf formats.
New: 7 new agreements have been added to this edition, while one agreement has expired and one has been removed.
Note: 6 international environmental agreements / instruments will be updated shortly.
| Reference number | Theme / Topic | Type of agreement or instrument | Form | Short title | Official title | Lead department(s) | Partner(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Agreement on international humane trapping standards | Agreement on International Humane Trapping Standards (AIHTS) | Global Affairs Canada/Environment and Climate Change Canada | Provincial/territorial governments and wildlife agencies |
| A2 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Polar bear conservation: multilateral agreement | Agreement on the Conservation of Polar Bears | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| A3 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Transboundary movement of hazardous waste: Basel Convention | Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Health Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Transport Canada, Canada Border Services Agency, Global Affairs Canada |
| A4 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Biosafety: Cartagena Protocol | Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Canadian Food Inspection Agency; Canadian Grain Commission; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Global Affairs Canada and Natural Resources Canada |
| A5 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Convention on Biological Diversity | Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada, Department of Justice, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, Parks Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Health Canada, Canadian Heritage, Transport Canada, Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada, Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada |
| A6 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species | Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Global Affairs Canada, Natural Resources Canada (Canadian Forest Service), Canada Border Services Agency, provinces and territories of Canada |
| A7 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Prevention of marine pollution from dumping waste: London Convention | Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter, 1972 | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Global Affairs Canada (GAC), Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Transport Canada (TC) |
| A8 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Convention on transboundary effects of industrial accidents | Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents | Environment and Climate Change Canada, United States Department of the Interior, Mexican Secretaria de Media Ambiente y Recursos Naturales | |
| A9 | Meteorology | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Convention of the World Meteorological Organization | Convention of the World Meteorological Organization | Environment and Climate Change Canada, United States Department of the Interior, Mexican Secretaria de Media Ambiente y Recursos Naturales | Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Agriculture and Agri-food, Canadian Space Agency, Natural Resources Canada |
| A10 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Internationally important wetlands: Ramsar Convention | Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada |
| A11 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Cooperative arrangement | North American Bird Conservation Initiative | North American Bird Conservation Initiative (NABCI) | Environment and Climate Change Canada, United States Department of the Interior, Mexican Secretaria de Media Ambiente y Recursos Naturales | Provincial/Territorial Wildlife Directors, Key Environmental Non-government organizations and National Industry Associations |
| A12 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Ballast water management of ships: international convention | International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004 (BWM) | Transport Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Department of Fisheries and Oceans |
| A13 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Preventing pollution from ships: MARPOL protocol | International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as amended by the Protocol of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78) | Transport Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Department of Fisheries and Oceans |
| A16 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Anti-fouling systems on ships: international convention | International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships (AFS) | Transport Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Health Canada |
| A18 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture: international treaty | International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture | Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada | |
| A19 | Environmental Cooperation | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | North American agreement on environmental cooperation | North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC) | Environment and Climate Change Canada, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (Mexican Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources) | Other government departments dependent on the approved trilateral projects |
| A20 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Legally-binding decisions | Decisions about waste: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Decisions related to Wastes | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Natural Resources Canada, Global Affairs Canada |
| A21 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Legally-binding decisions | Chemical program decisions: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Decisions related to the Chemicals Programme | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Health Canada. Others: Global Affairs Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Pest Management Regulator Agency, Standards Council of Canada and Canadian Food Inspection Agency |
| A27 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Antarctic treaty: environmental protocol | Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (Environmental Protocol) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Transport Canada, Polar Knowledge Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada |
| A28 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | London protocol on prevention of marine pollution | London Protocol on Prevention of Marine Pollution (Protocol to the Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Global Affairs Canada (GAC), Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Transport Canada (TC) |
| A29 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Prior informed consent procedure for hazardous chemicals: Rotterdam Convention | Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade | Environment and Climate Change Canada and Health Canada | |
| A31 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Persistent organic pollutants: Stockholm Convention | Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Health Canada-Pest Management Regulatory Agency, Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada, Global Affairs Canada |
| A33 | Air | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Gothenburg Protocol to reduce transboundary air pollution | UNECE Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication, and Ground-level Ozone (Gothenburg Protocol) (Protocol to the UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP)) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Health Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Global Affairs Canada |
| A37 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Long-range transboundary air pollution: protocol on heavy metals | United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Protocol on Heavy Metals (Protocol to the UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP)) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Natural Resources Canada, Health Canada, Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada, Global Affairs Canada |
| A38 | Air | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Monitoring and evaluation of long-range transmissions of air pollutants in Europe: international cost-sharing | UNECE Protocol on Long-Term Financing of the Co-operative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-range Transmissions of Air Pollutants in Europe (EMEP) (Protocol to the UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP)) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| A39 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Long-range transboundary air pollution: protocol on persistent organic pollutants | Protocol on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) (Protocol to the UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP)) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Health Canada-Pest Management Regulatory Agency; Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Global Affairs Canada |
| A41 | Environmental Cooperation | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Transboundary environmental impact assessments: Espoo Convention | UNECE Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (Espoo Convention) | Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency | |
| A42 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Convention on access to information and public participation in decision-making: Aarhus Convention and Kiev Protocol | Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (Aarhus Convention) AND Kiev Protocol on Pollutant Release and Transfer Registries (Kiev Protocol) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| A43 | Climate Change | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change | United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Paris Agreement | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Agriculture & Agrifood Canada |
| A45 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Law of the Sea: United Nations convention | United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) | Global Affairs Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Transport Canada, Parks Canada, Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada, and Natural Resources Canada |
| A47 | Air | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Ozone layer protection: Vienna Convention | Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| A48 | Air | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Ozone layer depletion: Montreal Protocol | Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (Protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada |
| A49 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Mercury: Minamata Convention | Minamata Convention on Mercury | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Health Canada, Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Global Affairs Canada |
| A50 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Nagoya Protocol on access to genetic resources and benefit sharing | Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity (Nagoya Protocol) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| A52 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Conservation of migratory wild animals species: convention | Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Fisheries and Oceans Canada |
| A53 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Agreement on Arctic marine oil pollution | Agreement on Cooperation on Marine Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response in the Arctic | Canadian Coast Guard | Global Affairs Canada, Transport Canada, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, National Energy Board, and Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| A54 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-Nunavut-Greenland agreement on polar bear conservation | Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of Canada, the Government of Nunavut, and the Government of Greenland for the Conservation and Management of Polar Bear Populations | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| A55 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Agreement on safe and environmentally sound recycling of ships: Hong Kong Convention | Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships, 2009 (Hong Kong Convention) | Transport Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Labour Canada, Health Canada, Global Affairs Canada |
| A59 | Environmental Cooperation | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | International organization for bamboo and rattan: multilateral agreement | International Bamboo and Rattan Organisation (INBAR) (formally the International Network for Bamboos and Rattan) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada |
| A60 | Climate Change | Multilateral | Cooperative Framework | Arctic Council action for reducing black carbon and methane emissions | Arctic Council Framework for Action on Enhanced Black Carbon and Methane Emissions Reductions | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada |
| A61 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Cooperative Arrangement | North American bat conservation: letter of intent | Letter of Intent related to efforts to promote Conservation of Bats in the United Mexican States, The United States of America, and Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada | US Fish and Wildlife Service, Mexican Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos |
| A62 | Climate Change | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification | United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) | Global Affairs Canada | Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| A63 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | International Plant Protection Convention | International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) | Canadian Food Inspection Agency | Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Global Affairs Canada |
| A67 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral, Canada–France–United States | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-France-United States agreement for the conservation of shorebirds in the Western Atlantic Flyway | Memorandum of Understanding Among the Department of Environment and Climate Change Canada, The Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage of the French Republic and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service of the United Stated of America, Related to the Conservation of Shorebirds in the Western Atlantic Flyway | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Polar Knowledge Canada (PKC), Parks Canada Agency, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Global Affairs Canada (GAC), Transport Canada |
| A70 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Legal Recommendation | Pollutant release and transfer register: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development | Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Decisions related to Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| A72 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Cooperative Arrangement | North American Plant Protection Organization cooperative agreement | North American Plant Protection Organization Cooperative Agreement | Canadian Food Inspection Agency | United States Department of Agriculture – Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (in Spanish) |
| A74 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Civil liability for bunker oil pollution damage: Bunkers Convention | International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001 (Bunkers Convention) | Transport Canada | |
| A75 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Compensation for losses and damage resulting from the incidents involving dangerous goods carried by ships: 2010 HNS Protocol | Protocol of 2010 to the International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996 (2010 HNS Protocol) | Transport Canada | |
| A76 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | International fund for oil pollution damage compensation: Supplementary Fund Protocol | 2003 Protocol to the International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage, 1992 (Supplementary Fund Protocol) | Transport Canada | |
| A77 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Canada – United States- Mexico | Letter of Intent | North American coordinated approach for bird banding: letter of intent | Letter of Intent to Promote Development of a Coordinated Approach for Bird Banding in the United Mexican States, the United States of America, and Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada | U.S. Geological Survey; Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad, Mexico |
| A78 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Cooperative Arrangement | North American conservation of migratory birds: letter of intent | Letter of Intent related to the Conservation of Migratory Birds in North America | Environment and Climate Change Canada, United States Department of the Interior, Mexican Secretaria de Media Ambiente y Recursos Naturales | The North American Bird Conservation Initiative in Canada, U.S. and Mexico |
| A80 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Civil liability for oil pollution damage: 1992 CLC | International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, 1992 (1992 CLC) | Transport Canada | |
| A81 | Marine / Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | International fund for oil pollution damage compensation: 1992 Fund Convention | International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage, 1992 (1992 Fund Convention) | Transport Canada | |
| A82 | Environmental Cooperation | Multilateral | Cooperative Arrangement | International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response, and Cooperation | International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response, and Cooperation (OPRC) | Transport Canada | Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canadian Coast Guard, Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| B1 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-Chile agreement on environmental cooperation | Agreement on Environmental Cooperation between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Republic of Chile | Environment and Climate Change Canada, United States Department of the Interior, Mexican Secretaria de Media Ambiente y Recursos Naturales | Global Affairs Canada. Others (depending on cooperative activity) |
| B2 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Cooperative Forum | Canada-Mexico environment working group | Canada-Mexico Partnership Environment Working Group | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada. Others (depending on cooperative activity) |
| B3 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-Panama environmental agreement | Agreement on the Environment between Canada and the Republic of Panama | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada. Others (depending on cooperative activity) |
| B4 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-Peru environmental agreement | Agreement on the Environment between Canada and the Republic of Peru | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada. Others (depending on cooperative activity) |
| B5 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-Colombia agreement on environmental cooperation | Agreement on Environmental Cooperation between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Republic of Colombia | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada. Others (depending on cooperative activity) |
| B6 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-Honduras environmental cooperation agreement | Agreement on Environmental Cooperation between Canada and the Republic of Honduras | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada, Others (depending on cooperative activity) |
| B7 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Cooperative Forum | India-Canada statement on environmental cooperation | Joint Statement on an India-Canada Forum for Environmental Cooperation | Environment and Climate Change Canada and Indian Ministry of Environment and Forests | Global Affairs Canada, Others (depending on cooperative activity) |
| B9 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-China environmental cooperation | Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of the Environment of Canada and the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China Concerning Environmental Cooperation | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China (prior to March 2018 known as the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China) | Global Affairs Canada; Other Canadian and Chinese Departments |
| B17 | Chemicals & Wastes | Bilateral | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-Europe agreement on chemicals | Memorandum of Understanding between the European Chemicals Agency and Environment and Climate Change Canada / Health Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada, United States Department of the Interior, Mexican Secretaria de Media Ambiente y Recursos Naturales | Health Canada |
| B13 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-Jordan environmental agreement | Agreement on the Environment between Canada and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan | Environment and Climate Change Canada, United States Department of the Interior, Mexican Secretaria de Media Ambiente y Recursos Naturales | Global Affairs Canada |
| B16 | Chemicals & Wastes | Bilateral | Cooperative Arrangement | Canada-Australia cooperation on industrial chemicals | Cooperative Arrangement between the National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme (NICNAS) of Australia and the Department of Environment of Canada and the Department of Health of Canada Related to Enhancing Technical Cooperation and Sharing Information on Industrial Chemicals | Health Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| B29 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Cooperative Arrangement | Canada-France cooperation agenda | Canada-France Enhanced Cooperation Agenda | Global Affairs Canada | Many federal departments, including Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| B30 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-Korea free trade agreement and the environment | Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the Republic of Korea: Environment Chapter | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada |
| B39 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-Costa Rica agreement on environmental cooperation | Canada - Costa Rica Agreement on Environmental Cooperation | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada. Others (depending on cooperative activity) |
| B40 | Meteorology | Bilateral | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-Europe agreement on meteorological satellites and instruments | Memorandum of Understanding between the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) and the Department of the Environment and Climate Change of Canada on Long-term Co-operation in the fields of Meteorological Satellites, and Satellite Meteorology, Climate Monitoring from Space and Space Weather | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Canadian Space Agency, Natural Resources Canada, Department of Fisheries and Oceans |
| B41 | Meteorology | Bilateral | Memorandum of Understanding | France-Canada joint research on meteorological prediction assimilation systems | Memorandum of Understanding between Météo-France and Environment Canada's Meteorological Service of Canada and Science & Technology Branch for Collaboration in Weather, Atmospheric, Hydrological and Oceanographic Domains through research, development and implementation of prediction assimilation systems for the Enhancement of national security and Economic Prosperity | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| B42 | Meteorology | Bilateral | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-United Kingdom collaboration on improving weather and environmental services | Memorandum of Understanding between the United Kingdom's Meteorological Office and the Department of the Environment of Canada for Collaboration on Weather, Atmospheric, Hydrologic and Oceanographic Research and Development and Implementation of Related Assimilation and Prediction Systems for the Enhancement of National Safety and Economic Prosperity | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| B50 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-European Union comprehensive economic and trade agreement: Trade and environment chapter | Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA): Trade and Environment Chapter | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada |
| B51 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-Ukraine Free Trade Agreement: Environment Chapter | Canada-Ukraine Free Trade Agreement (CUFTA): Environment Chapter | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada |
| B52 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-Rwanda environmental cooperation | Memorandum of Understanding between the Ministry of Environment for the Republic of Rwanda and the Department of Environment and Climate Change of Canada Concerning Environmental Cooperation | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ministry for the Environment, Republic of Rwanda | |
| B53 | Climate Change | Bilateral | Cooperative Framework | Canada-China statement on climate change and clean growth | Canada-China statement on climate change and clean growth | Environment and Climate Change Canada; Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China (formerly the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China) | Global Affairs Canada; Other Canadian and Chinese Departments |
| B55 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Cooperative Framework | Canada-France Climate and Environment Partnership | Canada-France Climate and Environment Partnership | Global Affairs Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Transport Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Finance Canada |
| B56 | Climate Change and Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral, Canada – United Kingdom (UK) | Cooperative Arrangement | Canada-United Kingdom Partnership on Clean Growth and Climate Change | Canada-United Kingdom Partnership on Clean Growth and Climate Change | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Finance Canada, Global Affairs Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Innovation Science and Economic Development Canada |
| B57 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Cooperation on Environment and Climate Change: Canada-EU Strategic Partnership Agreement | Cooperation on Environment and Climate Change under the Canada-European Union Strategic Partnership Agreement | Environment and Climate Change Canada (environment and climate change cooperation); Global Affairs Canada (Strategic Partnership Agreement) | |
| B58 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Cooperative Framework | Canada-China statement on marine litter from plastic pollution | Canada-China Joint Statement on Marine Litter and Plastics | Environment and Climate Change Canada; Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China | Global Affairs Canada; Other Canadian and Chinese Departments |
| B59 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-China cooperation on climate change | Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of the Environment of Canada and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China on Climate Change Cooperation | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China | |
| B61 | Environmental Cooperation | Regional | Legally binding treaty | CUSMA Environment Chapter | The Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) Environment Chapter | Global Affairs Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| B62 | Environmental Cooperation | Regional | Legally binding treaty | CUSMA Parallel Environmental Cooperation Agreement | Agreement on Environmental Cooperation among the Governments of the United States of America, the United Mexican States, and Canada (ECA) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada |
| C1 | Air | Canada - United States | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-US air quality agreement | Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States on Air Quality (AQA) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |
| C2 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Canada - United States | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-United States agreement on porcupine caribou herd conservation | Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States on the Conservation of the Porcupine Caribou Herd | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| C3 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Canada - United States | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-US convention protecting migratory birds | Convention for the Protection of Migratory Birds in the United States and Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| C4 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Canada - United States | Memorandum of Understanding | North American bird banding program: management | Management of the North American Bird Banding Program | Environment and Climate Change Canada | U.S. Geological Survey; Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad, Mexico |
| C5 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Canada - USA | Memorandum of Understanding | North American Breeding Bird Survey Program: management | Management of the North American Breeding Bird Survey Program | Environment and Climate Change Canada | U.S. Geological Survey |
| C6 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Canada - US | Cooperative Arrangement | Canada-US cooperation on Georgia Basin and Puget Sound ecosystems | Environment and Climate Change Canada - US Environmental Protection Agency Joint Statement of Cooperation on the Georgia Basin and Puget Sound Ecosystem | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| C10 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Canada - United States | Memorandum of Understanding | Shared polar bear populations: Canada-United States agreement | Memorandum of Understanding between Environment and Climate Change Canada and the United States Department of the Interior for the Conservation and Management of Shared Polar Bear Populations | Environment and Climate Change Canada and US Department of the Interior | |
| C11 | Freshwater | Canada - United States | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-US agreement on Souris River basin water levels | Agreement between Canada and the United States for Water Supply and Flood Control in the Souris River Basin | Global Affairs Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| C12 | Freshwater | Canada - United States | Legally-binding treaty | Great Lakes water quality agreement | Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Fisheries and Oceans Canada and Transport Canada |
| C13 | Freshwater | Canada - United States | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-US Niagara River treaty | Treaty between Canada and the United States of America Concerning the Diversion of the Niagara River | Global Affairs Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| C14 | Freshwater | Canada - United States | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-US Columbia River treaty | Treaty between Canada and the United States of America Relating to Cooperative Development of the Water Resources of the Columbia River Basin (Columbia River Treaty) | Natural Resources Canada and Global Affairs Canada | Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| C15 | Freshwater | Canada - United States | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-US treaty for Skagit River, Ross Lake and Seven Mile Reservoir | Treaty between Canada and the United States of America relating to the Skagit River and Ross Lake, and the Seven Mile Reservoir on the Pend d'Oreille River | Global Affairs Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| C16 | Freshwater | Canada - United States | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-US boundary waters treaty | Treaty Relating to the Boundary Waters and Questions Arising Along the Border between the United States and Canada (The Boundary Waters Treaty) | Global Affairs Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| C17 | Chemicals & Wastes | Canada - United States | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-US agreement on transboundary movement of hazardous waste | Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States concerning the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Canada Border Services Agency |
| C18 | Marine / Oceans | Canada - United States | Cooperative Arrangement | Canada-United States inland pollution contingency plan | Canada-United-States Joint marine pollution contingency plan | Canadian Coast Guard | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Department of Fisheries and Oceans |
| C19 | Environmental Cooperation | Canada - United States | Cooperative Arrangement | Canada-United States marine pollution contingency plan | Canada-United-States Joint Inland Pollution Contingency Plan | Environment and Climate Change Canada | United States Environmental Protection Agency |
| C20 | Marine / Oceans | Canada - United States | Bilateral Agreement | Canada-US agreement on shellfish sanitation | Canada-US Bilateral Agreement on Shellfish Sanitation | Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) | Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) and Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). CFIA, ECCC and DFO are signatories to Canadian Shellfish Sanitation Program MOU |
| C25 | Meteorology | Canada - United States | Cooperative Arrangement | North American Ensemble Forecast System Collaborative Arrangement | North American Ensemble Forecast System Collaborative Arrangement (NAEFS) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | United States National Weather Service (NWS) and the National Meteorological Service of Mexico (NMSM) |
| C26 | Freshwater | Canada - United States | Legally-binding treaty | Canada-US agreement on Lake of the Woods water levels | Agreement between Canada and the United States of America to Regulate the Level of Lake of the Woods | Global Affairs Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| C27 | Meteorology | Canada - United States | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-US agreement on weather and climate collaboration | Memorandum of Understanding between the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Department of Commerce United States of America and the Department of the Environment Canada for Collaboration on Weather, Climate and Other Earth Systems for the Enhancement of Health, Safety and Economic Prosperity | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Department of Agriculture and Agri-Food; Department of Fisheries and Oceans |
| C28 | Environmental Cooperation | Canada - United States | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-US agreement on earth sciences cooperation | Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. Geological Survey of the Department of the Interior of the Government of the United States of America and the Department of the Environment of the Government of Canada Concerning Cooperation in the Earth Sciences | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| C29 | Meteorology | Canada - United States | Cooperative Arrangement | North American ice service collaborative agreement | North American Ice Service Collaborative Agreement - Annex One to the 2008 Memorandum of Understanding between the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Department of Commerce United States of America and the Department of the Environment Canada for Collaboration on Weather, Climate and Other Earth Systems for the Enhancement of Health, Safety and Economic Prosperity | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| C30 | Chemicals & Wastes | Canada - United States | Cooperative Arrangement | Canada-US regulatory cooperation council: statement on chemicals | Canada-U.S. Regulatory Cooperation Council (RCC) - Regulatory Partnership Statement (RPS) on Chemicals | RCC Secretariat, Treasury Board Secretariat | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Health Canada and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |
| D1 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral | Voluntary international framework | Conservation of Arctic flora and fauna | Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Polar Knowledge Canada (PKC), Parks Canada Agency, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Global Affairs Canada (GAC), Transport Canada |
| D2 | Chemicals & Wastes | Multilateral | Voluntary international framework | International chemicals management: strategic approach | Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management | Health Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Natural Resources Canada. Other Canadian departments (Global Affairs Canada, Transport, etc.) |
| D3 | Climate Change | Multilateral | Voluntary international framework | Climate and Clean Air Coalition | Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) | Environment and Climate Change Canada coordinates Canada's overall participation in the CCAC with policy and technical support from Natural Resources Canada, the National Research Council (NRC), Transport Canada, Health Canada and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada on issues related to the CCAC's initiatives on oil and gas, heavy duty diesel vehicles and engines, health and agriculture | |
| D4 | Climate Change | Multilateral | Voluntary international initiative | Global Methane Initiative | Global Methane Initiative (GMI) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Natural Resources Canada, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada, Climate and Clean Air Coalition, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe |
| D5 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Voluntary Multilateral Instrument | Cooperative Forum | Biodiversity and ecosystem services: intergovernmental platform | Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada |
| D6 | Climate Change | Multilateral Voluntary Instrument | Cooperative Forum | Intergovernmental panel on climate change | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada , Global Affairs Canada, Health Canada and Natural Resources Canada |
| D7 | Climate Change | Multilateral Voluntary Instrument | Cooperative Forum | Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research | Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | |
| D8 | Environmental Cooperation | Multilateral Voluntary Instrument | Cooperative Forum | Arctic Council | Arctic Council | Global Affairs Canada | Environment and Climate Change; Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada; Fisheries, Oceans and Canadian Coast Guard; Transport Canada; Arctic States and Northern Indigenous organizations |
| D9 | Climate Change | Multilateral | Voluntary international framework | Powering Past Coal Alliance | Powering Past Coal Alliance (PPCA) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | UK Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy |
| D11 | Biodiversity / Ecosystems | Multilateral Voluntary Instrument | Multilateral Financial Mechanism | Global Environment Facility (GEF) | Global Environment Facility (GEF) | Global Affairs Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| D12 | Environmental Cooperation | Multilateral Voluntary Instrument | Informal Cooperative Grouping | G7 - Climate and Environment | Group of Seven (G7) - Climate and Environment | Global Affairs Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| D13 | Environmental Cooperation | Multilateral Voluntary Instrument | Informal Cooperative Grouping | G20 - Climate and Environment | Group of Twenty (G20) - Climate and Environment | Global Affairs Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| D14 | Environmental Cooperation | Multilateral Voluntary Instrument | Intergovernmental Organization | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) | Global Affairs Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada |
| D15 | Environmental Cooperation | Multilateral Voluntary Instrument | International Organization | United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) | United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) | Environment and Climate Change Canada | Global Affairs Canada |
| A83 | Marine/Oceans | Multilateral | Legally-binding treaty | Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks | Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks, 2007 | Transport Canada | |
| B60 | Environmental Cooperation | Bilateral | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-South Africa Memorandum of Understanding on environmental cooperation | Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Environmental Affairs of the Republic of South Africa and the Department of the Environment of Canada to Enhance Environmental Cooperation | Environment and Climate Change Canada, Department of Environmental Affairs of the Republic of South Africa | |
| C8 | Environmental Cooperation | Canada - United States | Memorandum of Understanding | Canada-US agreement on cooperation in environmental science and technology | Memorandum of Understanding between the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States of America and the Department of the Environment of Canada Concerning Cooperation in Research, Development and Demonstrations in Science and Technology Related to Environmental Protection | Environment and Climate Change Canada and the US Environmental Protection Agency |